Monday, September 15, 2008

Ch. 6 Vocabulary And Roots


Vocabulary

Centrosome: A structure present in the cytoplasm of animal cells, important during cell division; functions as a microtubule-organizing center. The centrosome has two centrioles.

Chromatin: The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When a cell is not dividing, it exists in dispersed form, in long, thin fibers.



Crista: An infolding of the inner membrane of mitochondrion that houses electron transport chains and molecules of the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.


Chromosome: A cellular structure carrying genetic materials, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Has one long protein ans associated proteins.

Contractile Vacuole: A membranous sac that helps move excess water out of certain fresh water protists.


Desmosome: A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that functions as a rivit.

Dyneim: In cilia and flagella, a large contractile protein extending from one microtubule doublet to the adjacent doublet.

Gap Junction: A type of intercellular junction in animals that allows the passage of materials between cells.


Granum: A stack of membrane-bounded thylakoids in the chloroplast. Function in the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Microfiliment: A cable composed of actin proteins in the cytoplasm of almost every eukaryotic cell, making up part of the cytoskeleton. Causes cell contraction.


Microtubule: A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that make up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells and is found in the cilia and flagella.


Middle Lamella: In plants, a thin layer of adhesive extracellular material, primarily pecting, found between the primary walls of adjacent young cells.

Mitochondrial Matrix: The compartment of mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the citric acid cycle.


Nucleoid: A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.

Peroxisome: An organelle containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen producing and the degrading hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Phagocytosis: A type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances are taken up by a cell.

Plasmodesma: An open channel in the cell wall of a plant through which strands of cytosol connect from an adjacent cell.

Primary Cell Wall: In plants, a relatively thin and flexible layer first secreted by a young cell.

Secondary Cell Wall: In plants, a strong and durable matrix, often deposited in several laminated layers fort cell protection and support.

Stroma: Within the chloroplast, the dense fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in synthesis of organic molecules from CO2 and H2O.

Thylakoid: A flattened membranous sac inside ta chloroplast. Interconnected system and contain molecular "machinery" used to convert light energy to chemical energy.

Tight Junction: A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that prevents the leakage of material between cells.

Tonoplast: A membrane that binds the chief vacuole of a plant cell.



Roots

Ultra–beyond

Thylaco–sac

Centro–center

Glyco–sweet

Eu–true

Cyto–cell

Trans–across

Flagell–whip

Cili–hair

Lyso–loosen

Chloro–green

Plasm–molded

Nucle–nucleus

Extra
–outside

-Ell–small

Tono–stretched

Pro
–before

Vacu–empty

Lamin–sheer/layer

Phago–eat

Micro
–small

Pseudo–false

Tour of an Animal Cell Video:

3 comments:

ColumbiaEngineer said...

Awesome job Whit!

Ruby said...

these pictures are really helping me to understand, you did a great job! - Ruby

Michelle Lyon said...

Great pics! Vocabulary is the key to essays and multiple choice and now everyone has a visual representation of the word. Nice Job!