A Tour of the Cell: How We Study Cells
Electron microscopes are used to study objects from about 0.1 nm to 100mm in size. They function by focusing a beam of electrons either through the specimen or onto its surface. There are two kinds of
A Panoramic View of the Cell
The best way to remember the main facts about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is to study a table of their major characteristics:
Characteristics | Prokaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic Cells |
Plasma membrane | Yes | Yes |
Cytosol with organelles | Yes | Yes |
Ribosomes | Yes | Yes |
Nucleus | No (It had a Nucleoid) | Yes |
Size | 1-10 micrometers | 10-100 micrometers |
Internal membranes | No | Yes |
Prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaebacteria, where as eukaryotic cells are animal and plant cells. Some details to remember about prokaryotes include:
- No membrane bound nucleus—instead chromosomes grouped together in region called the Nucleoid
- No membrane bound organelles
- Smaller than eukaryotes
- Consist of bacteria and archaebacteria
Some details to remember about eukaryotic cells include:
- Membrane bound nucleus, which contains cell’s chromosomes
- Membrane bound organelles in cytoplasm
- Much larger that prokaryotes
- Eukaryote cells make up the kingdoms protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia
The Nucleus and Ribosomes, the Endomembrane system, other membranous organelles, and the cytoskeleton.
Nucleus: A generally conspicuous membrane bound cellular organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains most of the genes that control the entire cell.
Nuclear Envelope: A double membrane which encloses the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell.
Chromatin: Complex of DNA and histone proteins, which makes up chromosomes in eukaryotic cells; appears as a mass of stained material in nondivded cells.
Chromosomes: long threadlike association of genes composed of chromatin and found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Nucleolus: Roughly spherical region in the nucleus of nondividng cells, which consists of nucleolar organizers and Ribosomes in various stages of production.
Nuclear Organizers: Specialized regions of the same chromosomes, with multiple copies of genes for rRNA synthesis.
Ribosome: A cytoplasmic organelle that is the site for protein synthesis
Free Ribosomes: Ribosomes suspended in the cytosol
Attached Ribosomes: Attached to the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
2 comments:
Great that you found a concept map of a cell! Excellent. This will help other students understand the connections.
Aw! This concept map is so helpful!!! Thanks Kelsey!
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